Printing press.

Printing press




The printing press is one of the most important inventions of human history. No other invention has brought about such changes in human society as the press. Before this
invention, every book had to be laboriously
copied out by hand. It was a very slow and tedious process. It might take one year to
produce one cope of a book. In olden days,
books were very few and very costly only the rich
people could afford to possess them.
it was about the middle of the 15th century that printing by
movable wooden block was first introduced the town of Mainz in Germany.
the first printing press was set up in England by
caxton, in 1477. metal type were introduced later. Up
to the end of 18th century printing presses were operated with hands.
In 19th century the steam printing press was invented.
The great modern presses are more sophisticated.
They can print thousands of copies of a newspaper
with colorful photograph in an hours.

the inventions of printing press led to the rapied mass productions of book and the reductions in there
prices. Thousand of copies of a book can be printed
in a week and sold at a low price. Even a poor man can
now buy masterpieces for a few rupees. Cheap editions
of book are also brough out now, to enable large
number of people to buy them.
The mass production and the prices of book
has made universal education possible. Knowledge,
which was once the exclusive possession of a few,
is now the free inheritance of all. The doors of
knowledge are open to all. Today the printing press is playing a vital role in the service of mankind all over
the world.
  • my email address scorpion1870@gmail.com thnx my all friend .

Making Money on Internet from home. Is it a Myth?


                         Make money pakistan


Makemoney.pk website is dedicated for teaching people how to make REAL money online.
The concept to make money online via internet is not new, but it not been as popular here. There are a hand full of people who knows how to make money on internet working from home. But this a real fact that if you learn this art, you can make more than 100,000 Rupees / 1200$ every month online.
There are many people who are making handsome money using online marketing methods, not in thousands dollars ($), but many people in USA are making millions per month via these methods. So I would like to share few such methods with you, which can be very useful for you.
How to Get Start making money?
First thing, how to get started?


                                  
                   डाटा एंट्री जोब्स फॉर मेम्बेर्स                                           Data  Entry Jobs for Members


एंड बेस्ट डाटा एंटरी जोब्स हे अगर अप एस सी फ़ायदा हसल करना केहटी हें तो ज़रोर ?
Join us and try our data entry jobs a few hours per day. You can work from home doing part time jobs like data entry jobs, form filling jobs, data processing jobs,etc.

Most of our members earn big through our referral program only. We provide training on how to refer the members. Simply refer other members and get paid. This is amongst the best part time jobs available online. You will see your earnings increasing month after month with very little efforts.
Payments are made monthly via At Par Cheque/Paypal/Visa Money Transfer/Online Bank Transfer once your earnings reach Rs.2000/-. Cheques would be issued on OR arount 20th of each month for the previous month's earnings.
प्स्तिद बी अमजद हौसैन /





Google AdSense Being Blocked By Kaspersky Security Software



Google AdSense adds are currently being blocked byKaspersky anti virus and Internet security software. This started sometime yesterday with their latest releases of their security program.
One AdSense publisher emailed Kaspersky to let them know and he received a reply "within minutes" saying:
Hello, Sorry, it was a false detection. It will be fixed in the next update.
Thank you for your help.
I assume they release updates often and the update will fix the issue soon.
Actually, it seems if you update the software now, it will resolve the issue. You just have to hope your readers update their software.
 post by beldsan email scorpion1870@gmail.com

 

Blogger

This article is about an Internet term. For the web service with the same name, see            Blogger (service).">




A blogger is a person who writes a blog (or weblog). Bloggers are not a homogenous group. They have a variety of personal and professional motivations for blogging and they come from a variety of political, economic and social backgrounds. One way of segmenting bloggers is by their blog type:[1]
  • Personal: blog about topics of personal interest not associated with work
  • Professional: blog about industry and profession topics but not in an official capacity for a company
  • Corporate: blog for a company in an official capacity
Blogging is not a full-time job for most bloggers, nor is it their main source of income.[2] A blogger can also be a doctor, a mechanic, a lawyer or a musician, and thus bloggers typically maintain a variety of professions for which the act of blogging is their communicative outlet with the public.

How to Read Allow Your Blog to Only Blog Author

You can read allow your blog to your self and you can restrict your blog to only readers you choose.
These readers will need to log in before reading your blog.

1. First Go to the Blogger.com.

2. Log in and go to the Dashboard.

3. Go to the Settings and click on the Permissions



4. Now you can see there are showing clicks on Anybody means now anybody can read your blog.



5. You will need to change the click on Only Blog Authors then only author can read the blog.

 

6. when you click on only blog authors then you will allow to author.

How to Add Link Fields

Add the option to include a related URL and podcasting enclosure links with each of your posts.



1. Go to the Blogger.com.

2. Sign in and go to the Dashboard.

3. Now Go to the Settings.



4. Click on the Formatting.



5. Go down and when you see this option " Show Link fields "
if you see option " No "



6. Then do this option to " YES "



7. Now Save Setting and go to the Posting and see the Enclosure link

How to Change your blogger URL

If you want to Change your Blogger URL after creating a blog so you can change it,

1. Go to the Blogger.com.

2. Sign in and go to the Dashboard.

3. Now Go to the Settings




4. Click on Publishing



Now Enter your favorite URL and go down now you can see the Picture Code.

5. Enter the correct Picture Code.



6. SAVE SETTINGS.

Free Downloadable 330 Page Guide to Building Web Sites

Robert Schifreen, the well known UK IT commentator and security specialist has just completed a 330 page PDF book on how to create web sites and applications with HTML, CSS, Javascript, PHP and MySQL.
Here's how he describes it:
"The Web Book is written for people with an interest in creating web sites. Whether you want a couple of pages for your personal site, or perhaps a site for your school, college or club, this book will tell you what you need to know. If you want a full-blown site for your small company, perhaps with added features such as a customer mailing list or a picture gallery, you’ve come to the right place. I’ve tried my hardest to keep everything non-technical. If you’re "into" computers, you should be able to follow.

Unlike many books on the subject that were written some years ago, The Web Book teaches you up-to-date methods. Follow the instructions here and you can be confident that you’re doing things in the right way, rather than using old-fashioned techniques that are now frowned upon..."
Although the book will soon be publicly available Robert has kindly offered it first to Gizmo's Freeware users for non-commercial use. Commercial users such as web hosting services and ISPs can apply to Robert for a license.
You can download the complete 330 page PDF file from here:
http://www.the-web-book.com (9.94MB)

Free Science Books Online

Free science books in a multitude of categories can be found at this site
This is really quite a site. It has an extensive selection of material you can read for free, all related to science. The current categories are:
  • Astronomy
  • Biology
  • Chemistry
  • Computer science
  • Earth sciences
  • Engineering
  • Mathematics
  • Medicine
  • Physics
Science Books Online materials include e-books, textbooks, lecture notes, monographs, and other types of documents. All texts are available for free reading online, or for downloading in various formats. Most entries list the author and date, the rest are some combination of how many pages, and what size and type of file it is. I didn't spot any videos during my wanderings on the site, though with so much to look at I may have missed it. The publication dates range from quite early (1930's) through this year. Some of the publications link to outside web sites where you may have to provide an email address to download a file or may require free registration.
For more ebooks, our 100 Places For Free Books category has many other resources.

Science Books Online

Easily Create a Designer Quality Website for Free

Build Your Own Websites have been around for years. None of them interested me until now. I've finally found an application that has quality design and ease of use. No coding needed, just drag and drop. High quality templates and being able to modify themes easily make this a choice application. SnapPages has more features than you would expect in an easy to use program.
Dragging and dropping text boxes, widgets (think Google Maps), and photographs is effortless. Also included is an integrated calendar and photo album viewer.
SnapPages has two plans, a free plan and a premium plan (around $4 a month) depending on your needs.
Free accounts consist of 3 web pages and 1GB Storage, Photo Gallery, Calendar, and your choice of 3 themes.
This is a good starting place for anyone who is starting or needs a small site.
As a heads up, free accounts display SnapPages branding on the bottom of the site.
Free and premium accounts have different features, check out the differences here:

SnapPages pricing

SnapPages places a lot of emphasis on not only making it easy to create a website, but also making websites that look great. The user interface is beautiful and easy to use. I created a page with photos and calendar in about 10 minutes.
If you've been wanting a great web site but have been holding off because you don't know code or lack of features and pizzazz, give SnapPages a try.

SnapPages

Earn Money From Freelance Writing

If your writing skills are not so good, or you've failed your English test in the high school, you may be feeling a little slighted about writing an article, report, sales copy or ebook. If it's your case, there is a solution just for you.
(article continued below ...)

Writing doesn't have to be the hardest part of your ebook creation. You can actually hire someone to do it for you by going to a site like Elance.com and let qualified people ( Ghost-writers or freelance writers ) bid on your project. There are plenty of good writers there willing to write your ebooks for you at a discounted price.

Many novelists, Hollywood celebrities, biographers and others utilize the services of a freelance writer at some point of their careers.

So what's a ghostwriter?

It s someone you pay to provide you with quality professional content in about any format you require.

Here is what a ghostwriter / freelancer can do for you:

  • Research on the internet and other sources
  • Compilation of all the information you provide them
  • Professional writing that makes your ideas sound really great
  • Write a compelling book that rivets a reader's interest
  • Usage of language that is apt according to the topic
  • Delivering the complete packaged product version ready to sell.

All you have to do is provide them with your ideas, research, and information about your ebook then let them do the work for you.

Here are some of the advantages of letting a ghostwriter write for you:

  • All the writing work and designing is easily outsourced to ghostwriters. They do all the work you get the benefit (and the profits)!
  • Save time and energy that could be used efficiently in other directions.
  • You keep 100% of the copyright.
  • They can do the research for you.

The procedure is as follows. You have to post your project on the website. The freelancer who is interested in your project will place a bid. The cost of this work depends on the expertise required, the nature of the project and the volume of work. You are free to negotiate. Ghostwriters work mostly for themselves. If you generate repeat business for them a business relationship gets established. The ghostwriters or freelancer may then charge a lower fee for the returning client as it helps generate higher business volumes. The investment you make in hiring a ghostwriter is returned many times over and gives beneficial results. You get an excellent product made and the readers get their value for money through high quality material. This is definitely a win-win situation where you, the freelancer and the client, all are benefited.

To have an idea on how Elance works and what kind of projects people are posting. Visit this link:

Elance.com

There are plenty of great resources to hire a freelancer. These are:


To post your project on Elance.com or any other freelance site you should first open a free account with them, and then open a bid request. Your bid request should include:

A clear description of your project without giving a lot of details.
Maximum Bid. This is the highest bid offer you will accept. Freelancer can bid lower to gain your business, but not higher.
Bidding Close Date. This is the date (in U.S format--mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm:ss) you want to close bidding and not accept any more bids.
The number of days the freelancer have to work on the project and deliver the final work. If you omit a deadline, then the he is under no time obligation to deliver!

Before accepting any bid you should verify that the person you are selecting is apt to handle the project effectively. You can do this by:
  • Asking the ghostwriter for his references.
  • Asking for a sample of his work.
  • Visiting his profile page, where you can find more information about him and also what people who worked with him have to say about his work.




About the Author:

Younes Boutriq the author of The Insider Secrets Of eBook self Publishing : Discover how you can create hot selling ebooks from scratch about any topic, without writing a word, in a record time, and watch your bank account explode - 100% GUARANTEED
ebook-self-publishing

SEO Starter Guide by Google Webmaster Central Blog



Image Credit

As a blogger, we always try to be knowledgeable on Google SEO tips and tricks. Thus, thousands of SEO related blogs have been appeared to fulfill the market needs.

For me, I’ve spent some times on Google’s SEO when I just started this blog. It’s a huge knowledge and SEO is always a mystery for webmasters as Google has never really disclose its search engine algorithm.

Undeniable, SEO is a hot key on Web as everyone is hoping to get better placement on Search Engine Result Page (SERP). Google actually understands that either.

In order to help webmasters to improve website’s performance, Google has released a "Search Engine Optimization Starter Guide" which covers some common areas where webmasters might consider optimizing such as improving title and description meta tags, URL structure, site navigation, content creation, anchor text, and more.

How To Earn $1 A Day

Welcome! Kindly subscribe to my feeds via RSS reader or via e-mail if you want more updates. If you like this blog, be a fan on Facebook!

If you are just starting with Google Adsense, I think, before targeting a $100 a month Google Adsense earnings, it’s better to have an easier goal first, and that is to earn $1 per day or $30 per month. It took me 3 months before I achieved that when I’m starting. But how do you really get that? How much traffic do you really need? Let’s do some math.

For an average CTR of 3% and average cost-per-click (CPC) of $0.05, how many visitors do you need to get $1 a day?

With an average of 3% CTR, it means that you need 100 pageviews to get 3 clicks. With an average of $0.05 CPC, it means that you’ll earn just $0.15 for those 3 clicks. It means that for every 100 pageviews, you got 3 clicks and earn $0.15. Now, to get $1, it means that you need to have at least 20 clicks, and you’ll get 20 clicks only when you have 667 pageviews.

Now, check your pageviews. Do you get at least 667 pageviews per day? Note that 3% CTR is already a good average for a blog. If your blog is not optimized, you might even get a CTR less than 1%, which means that you need more pageviews to get more clicks.

Now, how do you get 667 page views a day? The pinay $candal keyword on which this blog is optimized is giving me at least 100 page views per day. To achieve that 667 page views a day, it means that you have to optimize at least 7 keywords on the first page of Google with traffic as much as that of pinay $candal. Quite tough huh? Not really.

See, I get that $1 a day in Adsense after 3 months. You can have it too in 3 months if you promise yourself to optimize at least 2 popular keywords in 1 month. Make it 3 on the 3rd month. 2 keywords in a month isn’t that hard, isn’t it?

Now, where do you get those keywords to optimize? I already shared my keyword research technique. And some bloggers already followed my foot steps on sharing new keywords to optimize. Bluemumble has his keyword of the day project. Silkenhut has his shawty project. And I also release new keywords from time to time.

Yeah, it takes a lot of time and effort. But if you really want to earn from blogging, you must be patient.

After hitting the $1/day goal, then try bigger goals. Do it slowly but surely.

TRENDY TATTOO DESIGNS

Tattoos are a favorite form of body art and modification technique of free speech for many men and women. And the process of choosing a tattoo design can be enjoyable if you know what kind of tattoo designs that are looking for and where exactly is going to find. If you intend getting a tattoo, but have no idea what kind of tattoo should get, here are 5 classes of tattoo designs that you can consider using!

Rose Tattoo

The rose tattoo is an oldie but Goodie design. And among the masses of flower tattoo designs, tattoo designs such as hibiscus and the orchid, rose tattoos are still the most beloved of all. The explanation is a rose is a symbol or a romance, love and beauty. , Is a desired good option if someone wants a tattoo that makes you think of someone I love very much. While this is an old design does not seem like the rose tattoo lose its popularity.

Butterfly Tattoos

Butterfly tattoos is also an option for fans of tattoos among female, as it symbolizes hope, freedom and joy. And while it seems more of a feminine tattoo design that should not stop you getting a tattoo of a butterfly, just because you're a man. If you like a butterfly tattoo selected and you are an individual, could you go ahead and get the tattoo as it is your skin!

The Star Tattoo Pictures

Now we have pictures of stars of the tattoo. Just as there are a lot of tattoo designs of stars, there are a lot of sense to a star tattoo. It can symbolize the success, achievement, hope or even a religious belief that you have. For tattoo designs of stars, is that tattoos shooting star, the common 5-pointed star or Star of David. These are all popular types of star tattoo pictures you can choose.

The heart tattoo

The heart tattoo is also an old tattoo designs, but please. It is also one of the most beloved tattoo designs in the world. And as you would have guessed, the heart tattoo design is a universal symbol of love and so many people get a tattoo heart with a banner of his love of flight through the heart to portray his love. Although it has existed for decades, is still maintaining its popularity among tattoo fans

Tribal Tattoos

Tribal tattoos are certainly the most popular tattoo designs today. It is also one of the most flexible of tattoo designs and you can almost reach all kinds of designs that can conceive. Of the butterfly tattoo tribal tribal dragon tattoos, whatever tribal tattoo designs that are looking for, you can probably find it somewhere. No limit on how big the tribal tattoo can be too. Some may choose to have a little easier tribal tattoo design, while others go for a full tribal tattoo sleeve. Actually, it depends on your personal choice at the end of the day.

Before getting a tattoo done, remember to choose your design carefully and only settle for something that absolutely the same. Do not rush the process because you're too excited to get a tattoo done.

Essential Points for choosing Mens Dress Shirts

Have you ever noted the difference between men’s dress shirts and normal shirts? Most people are aware that mens dress shirts are important part of their dressing. Most men’s dress shirts have certain essential features. Designer buttons are one of the most important aspects that make up Mens Dress Shirts look the way they are supposed to look. For some of the best garment dress shirt it is important that it is opened from the front and provided with designer buttons that run from collar to the waist. Men’s dress shirts may have nearly seven buttons in the front, independent of its size. Having a button on the collar certainly is not required.

Collar styles might vary depending on the style of men’s dress shirts, but having a collar is very much essential. You can have a Windsor collar, a straight collar or a narrow collar. Some of the best dress shirts for men may also have Tony collar which covers the entire neck area. These types are also called as the button-down collars as they are buttoned to the shirt. Cuffs of men’s dress shirts cover the entire wrist area and are usually barrel type or French type cuff. If the edges of the cuff are made to overlap each other with a button on the top of mens dress shirts.

Some of the best dress shirts for men might also have an invisible feature like placket. This is in the form of a strip that in placed on the front of the shirt on which the buttons are sewed. This is usually 1.5 inches in width but the size can also vary depending on the size of the men’s dress shirts. Some of the best men’s dress shirts also have a number of pleats on them. If the shirt is formal then the pleats may be present on the back side. In case it is less formal then the pleats might be present in the center on the back side. Pockets may never be considered as an essential feature with these men’s dress shirts.

In some of the leading brands a single pocket might be present on the left side. In some designer shirts the pockets may also be covered with a single button or even a flap to cover. There are a number of people who simply like keeping these pockets open. In case you want to know more of these designer Men’s Dress Shirts then you can always try to log on to internet and go through various websites. There are a number of websites that might provide you with best collection of mens dress shirts at a much cheaper rates. Some of the best websites have a huge collection of designer shirts and you can always try choosing from different collection.

The change of shoes in generations

I don’t know how many people know the origin of shoes, but there is such an interesting story talking about the shoes in a very ancient time. At that time people haven’t had shoes to wear. All days long they barefoot to slash and burn, hunting and fishing. There is a king as he always stay in the temple, so naturally his feet is very delicate, whenever lead the ministers to go out hunting, he always ordered someone the laying the hides all around the road, in order to avoid his feet were stabbed by the rocks. On this cumbersome and inconvenient way for many years then one day there is a famer said to the king that it can use the animal hide to wrap up the feet instead of use the animal hide to pave the way. Because of the suggestion of the famer the shoe was born.

Of course that in the ancient times not everyone can use skins to pack feet. As a result of the intelligence and wisdom of working people are fully excited. They knot grass shoes, then the sandals were born for the civilian population and become the most popular shoe. Later the Duke Jin invented a sabot. In the moderns also appeared a number of other footwear. One of it is called "spike" which is genuine leather shoes, and soaked inside the Tung oil when the production, therefore, it was rough, thick and hard. It also uses the cowhide to make the soles in a sticky layer. Then nail a dozen of brass nails. So if you wear it to walk it will make a noise like “ding”. Especially in the raining days its anti-skid function is the most impressive.

Upon my word, as a woman we get a great beneficiary from shoes in nowadays. In the generation of Ming and Qing Dynasties, a few pairs of shoes or bag embroidered shoes are enough for the women, as they were three-inch lotus feet. But you can see the women’s shoes in the shops. They are so many kinds; I assure that when you see that you may vertigo and chaos. Now the woman are already crossed the times that wear shoes to protect the foot and entered to the times of wear shoes for beauty. Woman who is in this time is luck and happy, a variety of shoes make them can not help but pick dazzled. In order to mach the shoes for beauty people also created the wholesale shoes. We have to admit that shoes and woman is really a natural fit. If you want to know more about the change of shoes in generations in other country and some picture above you can click here.

Types of hats

Balmoral:

A Balmoral is a hat that has its origins from the 16th century Scottish history. Hat is named after the Balmoral Castle in Scotland. A Balmoral is traditionally made of soft wool and has a pompom on top, a flat crown and a checkered band. The checkered band is typically white and red.

Baseball Cap:

A baseball cap is perhaps the most popular type of hat in the U.S.. It is worn by men and women of all ages and is recognizable by its enlarged, firm and curved top. The rest of the hat typically fits tightly against the head. The baseball cap was first used for sport baseball, but is now worn by people all over the world as a casual hat.

Beanie:

A hat is a hat specially designed to keep your head warm in the winter months. Although there are different types of beanies - such as woven and knit beanies beanies - The main characteristic of a hat is a hat that is located relatively firmly against your head in an attempt to capture the heat.

Beret:

A beret is a round hat, which is typically made of soft wool. Even if the crown is round, it is usually pushed aside. Beret, of French origin, is worn by both ordinary people and those in the military. Almost every culture has a beret-style hat.

From colorful knit berets to Standard Military Berets, both men and women can wear the beret.

Boonie Hat:

A Boonie hat has a stiff, wide brim. This corresponds to a bucket hat, but the rim is stiffer. Boonie hats are most common with military personnel, which is why most Boonie hats are camouflage. Boonie hats were first used by U.S. military during the Vietnam War.

Bowler Hat or Derby:

A bowler is a sturdy hat with a rounded crown. The rim of the hat goes off a few inches and is also rounded. The origin of the hat dates back to about 1850. The bowler hat got its name from the creators of the hat - Thomas Bowler and William Bowler. Historians believe that the bowler hat was created as a smart way to protect your head when on horseback.

Charlie Chaplin and Laurel and Hardy, who know their bowler hats. In the U.S., is a bowler hat known as a "derby", while in England it is called a bowler.

Bucket Hat:

Bucket hats are typically made of cotton and has a broad, drooping rim that slopes downward torn eyes. Many people bear bucket hats for both fashion and practical purposes for sunscreen.

Gilligan from Gilligan's Island TV show may be the most famous wearer of the bucket hat. Bucket hats are also popular among fishermen.

Capuchon:

A capuchon is a hat that is almost exclusively associated with Mardi Gras in New Orleans and elsewhere in southern Louisiana. The hat is shaped like a cone, and is clearly designed using vibrant colors, shapes and textures.

It is also common to capuchon to be constructed in a manner to match a Mardi Gras costume or theme and be accompanied by a mask.

Pronunciation: Cape-yoo-chin

Also known as: Mardi Gras hat, pointy hat, cone hats, funnel hat

Common misspellings: capachon, capuchan, Capuchin

Cloche Hat:

A Cloche hat is a bell-shaped hat that was popular in the 1920s. It has a narrow brim, a round crown and soft material. A Cloche hat is typically worn by women. The word "cloche" comes from the French word for "bell". Although it was the most popular 80 years ago, cloche hats, sometimes becoming more and more elegant in recent years.

Pronunciation: klôsh

Also known as: bell hat, flapper hat

Common misspellings: closhe hat, hat kloshe

Cowboy Hat:

The cowboy hat is a modern and functional hat. It is traditionally worn by farmers, ranches and cowboys for his protection against the natural elements. It is also very stylish.

Many companies offer hat cowboy hats in various colors, sizes and fabrics. The famous "ten gallon" cowboy hat was the traditional costume of the Mexican aristocracy.

Fedora:

A Fedora is made of soft felt and is most recognizable by its pinched front and the crease that travels longitudinally at the crown. The rim extends beyond and is sometimes bent over her eyes. Most Fedora hat features a hat band.

Fedora first appeared in the late 1800s, however this style of hat did not become popular until the 1930s. Still popular today, Fedora is often associated in modern times with wealth and class. Men ranging from Humphrey Bogart to the fictional Indiana Jones is known for their Fedora hat.

Also known as: Gangster hat, Indiana Jones hat Trilby Hat

Fez:

A fez is a hat that is the shape of a shortened cone and is most commonly red. The hat is also usually made of felt and has an edge.

Goes back to the Ottoman Empire, the fez hat is of Greek origin. Although it is not worn much longer, it has a history of use in certain religions, governments and military. Today, it is found predominantly in the eastern hemisphere in places like South Asia. In America, traditionally Shrines wear a red fez.

Also known as: fezzi, phecy, chechia, tarboosh, Rumi topi, movlana Rumi's cap, péèi, songkok

Common misspellings: fezz

Newspaper Boy Cap:

The newsboy cap is a hat for casual occasions. It has a rounded, swollen body and is marked with his trademark button on top. These caps come in tweed, wool, leather and some other substances. The newsboy cap was a hit in the century and has made its way back into fashion for both men and women in recent years.

Also known as: baker boy cap, eight panel cap, eight quarters hat Gatsby Hat

Panama hat:

Panama hat from Ecuador. It is traditionally made using Toquilla straw plant. The hats were originally all made in Ecuador and shipped through the Panama Canal to the rest of the world.

His hat was popular in the U.S. after Teddy Roosevelt began to wear it. They're perfect for warm climates and complement evening dress.

Porkpie Hat:

The porkpie hat is a part of the traditional attire of American jazz and blues musicians. It has a short and indented flat top. The porkpie style was once prevalent in England, Jamaica, Australia and New Guinea. Women in the 19th century often wore such a hat also.

This hat was named after pork pies, because they share a similar form.

Top Hat:

The tall hat was popular among men in the 19 and early 20th century. Its brand quality is high and flat crown. It has a great edge and men wore it more as a status symbol than the sun.

The most expensive top hats were made of beaver fur. Abraham Lincoln was the first American to popularize the high hat. In modern times, high hats usually worn only by the costumes and the occasional formal tuxedo.

Trilby Hat:

The Trilby Hat uses soft felt material and a narrow edge to complement its strong specific crown. The materials used to make hats ranging from wool, tweed and rabid hair. These stylish hats originated in London.

Notable celebrities and musicians such as Mos Def, Michael Jackson, Justin Timberlake, Johnny Depp and Brad Pitt have done Trilby popular in American pop culture. A Trilby hat is very similar to a Fedora, but usually has a slightly shorter brim.

Getting Laser Hair Removal in NYC

If you are thinking of getting the Laser Hair Removal then the best place you should be heading towards is the Big Apple, New York City. With the fact that New York is called the hair removing capital of the world it becomes quite obvious that hair removing in NYC is the best all over the world. Ask for Laser Hair Removal NYC and you will get results in terms of spas, clinics or hair removing centers and these all are the places where you can get Laser Hair Removal for you.

But the confusing part is which one among the spas, clinics and hair removing centers is best for getting Laser Hair Removal in NYC and if you are seeking answer for this then here is what you are looking for. Though there is no difference between all the three hair removing centers discussed above and are it a spa, a clinic or a special hair removing Centre. They all uses specialized Laser Hair Removal techniques, equipments and cosmetics needed that are certified by New York State Association of Laser Hair Specialists.

So there is nothing to worry about and you have any difficulty in getting the laser hair removal done then feel free to contact New York State Association of Laser Hair Specialists. You also can search online for the Laser Hair Removal place you are looking for and can go through online reviews for that particular Laser Hair Removal NYC place. There are plethora of websites that provides such reviews and personal experiences that some of people have felt at Laser Hair Removal NYC centers. Apart from the online research and reviews there are few other things as well that you needed to keep in mind when looking for the centers for Laser Hair Removal NYC.

The first thing is the proper medical supervision before and after the Laser Hair Removal treatment. A board certified doctors must be there when you are getting the Laser Hair Removal for you, so as to make sure that everything that has been done on your body is absolutely safe and wont cause any future harm. Also the nurses or technicians that either are New York State Licensed aestheticians or are Certified Laser Specialists should do the Laser Hair Removal procedure. This again is for the safety of the procedure and for avoiding any side affects in near future.

One more thing that you should take care of is the instruments used, they all should be Food & Drug Administration (FDA) certified instruments so as to ensure that they are safe for you. Providing free consultation before the treatment is also a sign of a great Laser Hair Removal NYC place, so listen to the consultant carefully to understand the Laser Hair Removal process carefully. So if you are getting Laser Hair Removal in NYC then these are the things that you need to keep in mind so as to make sure that you are getting the laser hair removal from the right and safe place.

How can I download free movies online without membership

If you like watching movies then it certain that you just want to spend too much of money or even try to create your membership, just to enjoy the fun of these movies. There are a number of websites that may in fact allow you to download free movies online without membership such that you can in fact preview these movies right on your computer. There are a number of free websites but in some you might have to pay little administration charges that is generally for the software and not for the movie. You certainly don’t have to bother about creating your lifetime membership as you certainly don’t have to get registered. There are also a number of such websites that might just ask for few details like your name and email id and the mail the copy of movies in your mail box. This is generally in the form of confirmation mail and after clicking the link you can always download free movies online without membership .

There are also a number of such websites that may provide you with facilities so that you can burn your CDs or even DVDs. The type of movies available for download certainly does depend a lot on the fact that is the website legal or illegal. There are a number of people who are in fact not aware of this part and so they end up in trouble. There are a number of illegal websites so whenever you start with your download free movies online without membership you just have to check and confirm the registration of the website. You can also try to go through a number of reviews that are usually left by most satisfied customers so you are sure that you are dealing with a genuine website. I in fact do not promote people to try and download movies illegally. Internet is a source that does provide you with both opportunities where you can do it legally and illegally for free, so why not choose a path to do it legally for free.

There are some genuine websites that might in fact provide you with different services like download movies and burn the CD for free. The procedure to download free movies online without membership is quiet easy and anyone can do it by spending little time over the internet. So just after follow few easy steps you can begin with the downloading procedure and start watching the movies after installing it on your computer. There are also a number of such websites that might in fact provide you with facilities to download music, games and also graphics. You can always search for such free websites over the Google or Yahoo and enjoy the fun and excitement of watching movies online or offline.

Contemporary Dance

What is Contemporary Dance?



Modern dance is the official name of a series of dance styles, including modern dance. Extremely interpretive in its choreography, modern dance often includes an innate focus on alignment, conflicting movements, raw emotions and systematic breathing.

While many dance genres including jazz and lyrical, focusing on flexibility and quality of various structured steps, the technique of modern dance is much more focused on nontraditional choreographic movements, which was drafted in the first 60 years of the 20th century by various masters in the craft. Below is some brief information about these important contributors to the origin of modern dance.

The Masters of the Dance





There are several people who helped to develop what we know as the modern dance today. Each has made an outstanding contribution in his or her own way, gives us a rich tapestry to consider when examining the background of modern dance.

Martha Graham



Graham is often credited as the founding mother of modern and contemporary dance. As a dancer and choreographer for more than seven decades, she brought this unorthodox style into the mainstream, as the first dancer ever invited to perform at the White House and get a medal of freedom.

Ironically, she hated the term "modern" and "modern", which she thought was the dance styles are constantly evolving and changing according to the times. She would not have her choreography or her ideals in the bay, and it continues to be a driving philosophy among modern dance choreographers, immediately after her through the day.

Merce Cunningham


Born in Washington in 1919, Cunningham danced for Martha Graham's company until he formed his own company in 1953. He and his romantic partner, John Cage, created what is known in the contemporary dance world as a "chance operations." It is based on the Chinese idea of throwing your assets out of the hexagram. The number 64 in music, for example, that you could to throw the chance to discover what sound would first appear, and then casting again to predict the second, and so on until an entire song has been driven in this way . Cunningham applied the same principle to dance, by a chance series of movements that he wrote on pieces of paper. He had this fragmentary style of choreography, and it continues to be practiced in studios across the nation today.

In its contribution to a more modern version of modern dance, Cunningham was instrumental in its technological, 21 century origins, serving as a developer for a dance program called Danceforms software that allows one to choreograph via a computer.

Lester Horton


Horton was known for infusing elements of Indian dance and modern jazz in his modern dance routines. He continued to practice some dance greats, including Alvin Ailey. He founded Dance Theater in Los Angeles, and while this company is no longer together today, his technique, and quite different style of choreography that lended itself to the background of modern dance will forever be remembered.

Other Origins of Influence


One of the nice things about modern dance's origin is that they come from all different directions. In modern movement, you will not only see technical dance steps, but also moves borrowed from Pilates, yoga, and lots of dance improvisation, like no other. Perhaps the true origin of modern dance in the hearts and creativity of all who have dared to take it on, extending their choreographical borders and give up their inhibitions for a trade, which tolerates no.


How to write a Job Application

There are a number of jobs which may demand you to submit your CVs along with a job application. With most of the big firms you may also be provided with a job application form where you simply need to fill in few details and submit it back to the interviewer. This certainly means that you may have to prepare yourself with your CVs and cover letter. In case you are applying for a government job then there are possibilities that you may also have to provide them with certain documents and at the same time may have to respond to certain criteria like producing your medical certificates or even your character certificate.

Always keep in mind that a hand written application certainly can be one of the key factors for most employers to make their easy selection. There are a number of employers who certainly prepare a list of candidates they have to interview on basis of qualification, qualities, skills and experience that you might have stated in your CVs or your Job Application Form

There are also a number of employers who may always make use of certain selection processes so that they may in fact identify communication skills, in case these skills are very much important for the job.

So even before you start with the writing process, be sure that you have performed all of your research with the employer as well as the type of job you are applying your CVs for. Also try to mention all of your skills, knowledge, attributes, qualification and experience in your Job Application that may in fact help appeal your employer or the interviewer. This always has to be in relation to the type of job you are applying for. As most of the employers certainly are very busy so you may have to prepare a very precise cover letter and attach your CVs along with this cover letter.

You always have to be sure that your cover letter certainly is customized and is prepared in regard to the employer of the particular job. You always have to try and direct your job application in the direction in which employers wants it to be. You may have to try and convince them that you are just the right person for the job and that you do fit in the block perfectly. You always have to be sure that all your contact details have been included in your job application so that they can contact you when required. Always be sure that you limit your job application to one page so that employers don’t have to red the entire story book.

Avoid overwhelming your employers with your cover letter and CVs with too much of information. You have to try and structure your job application and always make it a point to state the purpose of your application. Never forget to mention the position you would like to apply for and why you are suited for that particular post. You should also try to include everything related to the job that you can do. This certainly may highlight all your skills and experience.

Fire Your Boss Now

Visit the Hot Jobs and Employment section of 2 Get Work to get the help needed for finding a great job!

In response to a great number of layoffs across the country, American Consultants Inc.(ACI), an Atlanta based company, built a much needed online one stop site at 2 Get Work with over 7000 top retailers and services. Heavy emphasis was placed on employment since many clients of American Consultants Inc. throughout the country were heavily affected with layoffs and needed help to finding a job! Many weren't familiar with utilizing the internet in finding assistance so to answer their overall need ACI took the time to research and contact thousands of companies and placed these contacts on one main site, Gabby Inc!

*Discover companies that are searching for people to actually work from home..
*Discover tons of IT companies that don't advertise online...
*Discover scores of career banks across the country...
*Discover large amount of six figure jobs by fortune 500 companies..
And so much more!

It should be noted that the jobs are countrywide and are growing bigger everyday. Even job search companies like Monster, Yahoo Hot Jobs, and even Job Searcher .ca located here actually help increase the overall presence with many special programs online. However there are programs at the Hot Jobs section of Gabby Inc like, Beyond that may not be well known but they have access to over 200,000 jobs and offer many specials like free resume posting, free personal portfolio, free career evaluation, free industry magazines, etc.!

So visit the Hot Jobs and Employment section at 2 Get Work today and get help in your employment search!

Finding the Right Process of Employees

The process of finding the right employee is a daunting task for many employers who are unsure how to go about the task, or even where to begin. Fortunately, there are a number of services and methods available that can make an employee search much simpler.
Of course, one of the most popular methods for recruiting employees is to use the traditional help wanted poster and classified listing. It should be noted; however that this method really only works well if you have a traditional storefront with a brick and mortar building. In addition, you should be aware that with this type of employee search you are generally only going to receive the most general and traditional recruits. While this is a reliable, and free, method for finding employees; you are much more likely to attract applicants who are unqualified and who may have questionable work ethics.
Public services can make the process of finding good employees a little easier without spending any money doing it. This is because each state has an employment service office that can help you with your employee search. These offices are often referred to as the 'unemployment office'; a nickname most states would like to do away with. In reality, these offices are affiliated with the United States Employment Service and Department of Labor. They can help you with everything from screening applicants with aptitude tests to actually receiving resumes and applications for you so that you don't have to interrupt your daily business operations with the inundations. Best of all-these services are completely free.
If you want to step up your efforts in finding the right employee, you might consider a fee-based search. Employment and recruitment agencies handle screening, background checks and aptitude tests in order to help you in finding good employees. They can also provide advice to you on how to recruit employees. Be aware, though; this service will cost you.
Temporary personnel services are also a solution that may be able to help you in finding employees. This type of services normally works better if you are experiencing a temporary labor shortage rather than a permanent staff person; however. The big benefit to using a temporary personnel service is that they will generally handle multiple tasks such as payroll, tax deductions, fringe and other costs associated with an employee.
So, once you have decided how you are going to go about finding employee; do you know how to recruit a new employee? Do you know what to look for in a candidate to know whether they will make a dedicated employee?

Unfortunately, many companies and organizations rush into the hiring decision in an effort to alleviate labor shortage problems without giving any real thought to beyond whether the person has the skills and is available to whether they will make a truly good employee or not.

Many of these problems can be alleviated with a good solid interview and background check. A good interview involves more than asking when a candidate can start to work and whether they have the requisite experience. You need to delve into their motivations and determine whether they will be a good fit for your team. Furthermore, a rushed timeline is no reason not to perform a background check. It may take a little longer but the wealth of information you can uncover regarding a candidate in a background check can save you multiple headaches down the road.

Home Jobs

Online tutoring jobs are one of the most exciting and rewarding work from home jobs. Many people consider the prospects of work from home jobs as it allows them to work in a flexible schedule and from the comfortable environment of their homes. By means of online tutoring jobs, one can earn extra money and also help in accelerating their professional development. Online tutors are appointed to assist and guide students for both academic and competitive exam preparations. The popularity of online tutoring jobs and their services are growing at an exponential rate as they are beneficial to both the student and teacher, thus becoming one of the most important reasons for their recent popularity as work from home jobs.

As costs of hiring conventional private tutors are soaring sky-high, tutoring services facilitated through high speed internet and voice-over-internet-protocol technology has greatly reduced the costs of online tutoring services from distant teachers. Tutors from across the globe that are searching for work from home jobs are opting for online tutoring jobs as the process is a streamlined way of providing valuable knowledge on any subject, all at a comfortable schedule. Online tutoring is thriving as it provides the students with easy and economical access to expert tutors from around the world. And as online tutoring jobs are generally work from home jobs, they provide the tutor with increased flexibility and also ensures that there is never a scarcity student that needs their guidance as the clientele of the tutoring services are from around the globe and hence large in number.

If you already have a college degree or a state-certified teacher, you can earn extra money by working part time as an online tutor at your convenience. Online tutoring provides you with new challenges to put your education and teaching skills to good use. Online tutoring can serve as a good way to earn a little extra money or can help you earn your living when you are off work or in between jobs.

You can kick-start your online tutoring career by either joining the various online tutoring websites or by setting up your own website and contacting students through your website. Online tutoring allows you to make use of presentations, flash videos, animations and other interactive forms of teaching. By tutoring online one can expect to earn anywhere from $10 to $50 per hour per student. If possible, you can also teach more than one student at a time to make more money.

While looking for companies, see to it that your qualifications match that of the company’s requirements. Some online tutorial jobs require certain amount of years of professional tutoring experience and also certain degrees as prerequisites. Ponder over the company’s training resources and the commitment requirements, as the student are generally from different time zones, the tutoring services companies may require you to be available at certain specific time durations and also the minimum amount of online tutoring hours. Be sure to research the company’s background history before divulging any personal information to apply for work from home jobs.

Commodity Based Index Funds

The Deutsche Bank Commodity index tracking fund is the only kind of fund that is being traded in the United States Market. Perhaps it is the only available fund too in the current market scenario.



There are several kinds of commodity indexes and an average investor cannot invest in them directly. Usually these indices require an investment of hundred thousand dollars or more.

Some of the other commodity based index funds are Goldman Sachs, Commodities Research Bureau, AIG commodity index, Oppenheimer Real Asset funds and a few more. The oldest commodity based index fund is the Reuters Future Index and the main components included in this index are all equally weighted ones. It is quite difficult to study a commodities index. Until now this index was widely followed until it got a make over recently.

The other kind of commodity index which was being widely followed is the Dow Jones-AIG Commodity Index. However nearly 12 percent of the commodities listed in the index are companies that are not listed in the United States and not even Asia. This could mean that rice has not been included as a commodity.

The Goldman Sachs Commodity Index takes the world production values into consideration and averages it out on a five year basis. So the commodity index basically gives more values to the commodities that have gone up in price.

The Rogers International raw materials index has been the top performer for several years now and it takes into consideration 35 different commodities that are raw materials.

Business Outsourcing

The modern languages treat a growing number of new concepts and ideas. To cope with an ever-evolving vocabulary, languages use abstraction to help create new concepts and ideas. Another unpleasant consequence of abstraction is that it tends to overshadow the historical background of these ideas and concepts, erasing the potential for a better understanding of their true heritage and nature.


Outsourcing is one such abstracted term that has, over time, earned significant positive momentum and negative baggage. Outsourcing has been known since the time of hunters and gatherers. Those who were strong hunters hunted and those who were strong collectors together. Simply put, the primitive society may unconsciously recognized the importance of specialization and outsourcing certain functions to those who distinguished themselves by them, or, in economic terms, performed them more efficiently.

Over a period, started many equate outsourcing with a specialization (or work). Outsourcing is a utilitarian concept used in business and accounting. From the accounting point of view, it is defined as the transfer of an internal service function to an external supplier.

Outsourcing was not formally identified as a business strategy until 1989. However, most organizations were not totally self-sufficient; they outsourced the functions that they had no competence internally. Outsourcing support services is the next phase. In the 1990s, organizations began to focus more on cost saving measures; they started to outsource those functions necessary to run a business, but not related specifically to the core business. Managers contract with new service companies to provide accounting, human resources, data processing, internal mail distribution, security, maintenance, and the like as a matter of "good housekeeping" (Alexander & Young, 1996). Outsourcing components to make savings in key functions is still a stage as leaders looking to improve their finances.

Why is it advantageous to purchase outside services instead execute them from within the company?

The answer to this question, which is clearly outlined, because the providers who specialize in these services have developed efficiencies and learned to offer high quality and competitive prices.

Traditionally, companies have outsourced for tactical reasons - to reduce costs, free up cash, procure resources not available internally, and improve performance. Outsourcing of certain functions can shift costs from fixed to variable, and thus enhance a company's ability to manage costs more effectively. If a company is moving into a new arena, outsourcing makes it possible to add new features with minimal impact on internal resources. It is difficult to argue with savings and the companies that approach outsourcing with careful planning and saving money. Surveying 30 companies found Outsourcing Institute; they averaged a 9 percent savings and a 15 percent increase in capacity by outsourcing.

Logging on to access information on health insurance

Although it may seem hard to believe today but there was indeed a time when accessing information on health insurance schemes was almost an impossible proposition. People had to spend several hours to get through the telephone lines and equally frustrating was going through the tedious procedure of applying for critical illness cover. As most cases involving critical illness cover, had people with serious ailments it was excruciatingly painful for them to wait for their turn to come before they could apply for a suitable health plan to meet their needs.


Things changes after the internet penetration became a global phenomenon. People of age and social groups could easily access all information pertaining to the critical illness cover. Not only did it become extremely simple and convenient to find out all the details involving the procedure but also compare prices at the click of the mouse.

Earlier, it was required for potential insurance buyers to visit the websites of all the leading critical illness cover insurance providers individually. In present times, even that need is completely negated. With a number of online platforms, social networking sites and discussion forums emerging on a regular basis, it has become really simple to gain a complete insight into the insurance industry and check which policy has maximum benefits for people interested in buying a critical illness cover.

There are however a few points that need to be kept in mind by potential critical illness cover buyers to avert complications at a later stage. Some of these key points are as follows:

• While there are several online discussion platforms where existing as well as prospective critical illness cover buyers come together and share their experiences, not all should be considered the final word while making the final purchasing decision. It is important to ascertain and verify facts before investing money.
• It is considered a good option to visit the sites of as many insurance cover providers as possible to be able to make a comparative analysis of the services provided by them and the pricing factors. Therefore, do visit the websites of the insurance companies you are contemplating approaching as that would give you a comprehensive idea about the latest trends and norms.
• A number of insurance companies that specialize in critical illness cover plans have a live 24/7 customer care support. If you have doubts and require clarity, it is a good idea to seek help from these panelists who will be ready to help you out.
• Owing to the increasing popularity and prevalence of critical illness cover schemes, a number of fraudulent companies and internet hackers send umpteen numbers of spam mails to the inboxes of prospective critical illness cover buyers. On some occasions, a click may be enough to hack your PC while on several occasions it has been found that internet predators ask for personal information such as telephone number, credit card numbers etc. It therefore goes without saying that none of the confidential details must be shared online.

What You Should Be Aware Of In Getting Foreign Currency Mutual Funds



One of the rising investment options these days are foreign currency mutual funds. Most people who have spent a good amount of time in the currency exchange business often look for ways in which they can expand profits from currency exchange thus, foreign currency mutual funds seem to be promising. However, there may be some good points to consider first before undergoing this process such as:

1. Your expertise - Mixing the business of getting into mutual funds with that of currency exchange may be daunting for someone who is yet to go into forex for a long time. It might be better to go into this if you already have enough experience that you know the ins and outs of forex already. From this expertise you can leverage on entering into mutual funds with at least most of your time spent on learning about the latter.

2. Your currency coverage - Going into foreign currency mutual funds business might also require you to have a wider grasp of currency exchanges. Some mutual funds may mature faster but under the second tier currencies. Major currencies may have spikes in their growth and might get a little risky if invested on. So it would be best to have a larger scope of options as you begin to make your mutual funds investments.

3. The length required for the mutual funds to grow profits - For the time being, you might need to constantly supply your mutual funds with currency circulations. So you also need to know about the maturity periods involved in the funds. This is important so you need to know this before you enter into such a process.


Keep in mind that learning about foreign currency mutual funds is also important to consider before undergoing the said process. You can always do this by means of the following ways:

Try to read up on articles online - The internet is peppered with ways and means on which you can learn more about the course of entering into foreign currency mutual funds. Take advantage of free articles which you can easily retrieve from article directories online. You might also want to try checking out the websites of financing institutions and read their entries regarding mutual funds so you can have a better idea regarding the process.

Consider reading and being active in public forums - Online forums are also a great way to obtain information. These forums are mostly set up for free and all you have to do is register and sign up so that you can also begin to post your own threads and ask for questions you wanted people to answer and even discuss on. One of the great things about public forums is that you can also get first-hand accounts from people who may have already gone through or are currently going through foreign currency mutual funds.

Consider mutual funds courses - If you wanted to gain in-depth knowledge or better expertise when it comes to mutual funds, you might want to sign up for an online course. This way you can get a more focused way of learning about the process and you can also have an expert to ask about its specifics.



One of the secrets of successful trading professionals is becoming addicted at analyzing forex daily news rigidly. What else is a better way to protect yourself against fraud than receiving forex brokers review updates.

Globalization of Indian Cement Industry

Globalization of Indian cement industry has helped the industry to restructure itself to cooperate with the changes in global economic and trading system. The Indian cement industry is one of the oldest industries. It has been catering to India's cement requirements, since its inception in the British Raj in India. Although most of the players in the Indian cement industry were private organizations, industry was highly regulated.

With the rapid growth of the Indian economy after the 1990s, the infrastructural development of the country was fantastic. The increase in construction activities has led to increase in demand for updated quality building materials and other related products. Cement is one of the main elements of the building; there is a growth in the cement industry in India. Consumption of cement in India has increased by nearly 7.5%. With the globalization of the Indian cement industry many foreign cement producers to engage in contracts and deals with their Indian counter parts to get a share of growth.

Globalization of Indian cement industry comprises more foreign companies entering into mergers and acquisitions of Indian cement companies. For example,

Heidelberg Cement - Indorama Cement Heidelberg Cement Company signed an agreement on a 50% joint venture with the Indorama Cement Ltd., located in Mumbai, which was originally occupied by the Indorama SP Lohia Group. Heidelberg Cement Company is the leading German cement company. Heidelberg Cement was established in 1873 and has a long and prosperous history. Is one of the best in the world to Heidelberg Cement Company has its bases in different countries. Heidelberg Cement Company has two production units in India. A grinding plant in Mumbai and a cement terminal near Mumbai port. A clinker plant comes up in the State of Gujarat.

Holcim Cement - Gujarat Ambuja Cement (GACL), Holcim Cement signed an agreement to acquire 14.8% of Gujarat Ambuja Cement (GACL). With new products, skilled personnel superb leadership, and an excellent marketing strategy, this tie good lead over other competitors. Holcim Cement Company are among the leading cement manufacturing and supplying companies in the world. It is one of the largest employers in the world which has a workforce of 90,000. The Holcim Cement Company has units in over 70 countries worldwide.

Italcementi cement - Zuari Cement Limited Italcementi Cement Company with help from Francois Ciments, a subsidiary for its global operations, has acquired shares in the famous Indian cement - Zuari Cement Limited. The purchase was at 50% of the shares and the deal was for around 100 million Euros. Italcementi Cement is the 5th largest cement manufacturing company in the world. Production capacity in Italcementi Cement Company has around 70 million tonnes a year. With the construction boom in India, the company looks for a stable future. In 2001 Italcementi cement into the Indian market scenario. It took over the factory in Zuari Cement Limited in Andhra Pradesh in southern India. The joint venture earned around 100 million Euros and an operating profit of 4 million Euros.

Lafarge India is a subsidiary of Lafarge Cement Company in France. It was established in 1999 in India with the acquisition of Tisco and Raymond cement factories. Lafarge Cement currently has three cement production units in India. One of them is in Jharkhand, which is used for grinding and the other two are in Chhattisgarh, which is used for manufacturing. The Lafarge Cement Company was established in year 1833 by Leon Pavin. Lafarge Cement Company is located in France is the leading cement company in the world. It has plans to increase cement production through technological innovation and maximizing the capacity of the plant. It has a large network of distributors in the eastern part of India. The Lafarge Cement Company is currently producing nearly 5.5 million tonnes of cement in the Indian cement market.

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